Digital Markets Act (DMA) Article 3 mechanism under which the Commission designates large digital platforms meeting quantitative thresholds, currently Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta and Microsoft, as gatekeepers subject to obligations including interoperability duties and a ban on self-preferencing.

A gatekeeper’s core platform services are also generally in scope of the Digital Services Act’s stricter due diligence rules, including the Behavioural advertising restrictions covered earlier in this glossary.